List of Chapters
Thirty Years of Experience of Ibopamine Eye Drops in Ophthalmology
Author(s): Italo Giuffre, MD, PhD
Ibopamine eyedrops are used in Ophthalmology. This molecule is characterized by a dual mechanism of action, since it acts on both adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. The adrenergic action is responsible for a marked mydriasis without accommodative paralysis, while the dopaminergic action increases the production of aqueous humor. Given this dual action, ibopamine may be useful for diagnostic purposes in Ophthalmology.This chapter aims at presenting the most intriguing evidence on ibopamine and discusses the profile of patients who may be best suitable to this molecule.
Molecular Events in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Author(s): Goutham G; Arumugam M; Manikandan R*
The recurrent theme in glaucoma pathology and treatment is that elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in most patients is the only modifiable risk emanating from defective circulation in the aqueous humor in the affected eye. Other pathological features and their unraveling mechanisms exist that remain to be fully characterized. Interestingly, the molecular events that lead to glaucoma and eventually optic nerve damage have only begun to be understood. We would like to focus extensively the development of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and the molecular basis in the development of this pathological manifestation. POAG is the most common of the glaucomatous types accounting nearly three-fourths of the afflicted populace [1]. Furthermore, it has been projected the number of glaucoma patients in the US to exceed 7 million in 2050 from over 2 million in 2011 with the elderly being the most affected by the disease [2]. Our contribution would focus the cellular physiology and molecular events that govern IOP that are dysregulated in pathology such as in the development of glaucomatous disease.
An Overview of Glaucoma
Author(s): Rayees Ahmad sofi *; Prem chand kesarvani
The glaucoma is group of disorders characterized by progressive optic neuropathy having multiple risk factors ,the most important being the raised intraocular pressure. Most, but not all, of these diseases typically produce elevated pressure inside the eye, called Intraocular Pressure (IOP). Half of the people with glaucoma are usually unaware of it until a serious loss of vision has occurred. Glaucomas can be classified into 2 broad categories: open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma. In the United States, more than 80% of cases are open-angle glaucoma; however, angle-closure glaucoma is responsible for a disproportionate number of patients with severe vision loss both open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma can be primary diseases.
One Minute Glaucoma Sugery. A New Way to Treat Glaucoma:Trabeculosclerectomy
Author(s): Rodolfo A Perez Grossmann*; Mitsugu Shimmyo
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that has a broad spectrum of clinical presentations, etiologies, and treatment modalities. Glaucoma causes characteristic pathological changes in the optic nerve with corresponding visual field loss resulting in blindness if untreated. Glaucoma is currently the second leading cause of blindness world-wide [1]. Glaucoma is commonly associated with an elevation in eye pressure. The source of resistance to outflow of the aqueous humor is mainly in the trabecular meshwork and lowering the intraocular pressure is a major treatment goal in glaucoma.
The Role of Central Corneal Thickness in Ocular Hypertension and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Author(s): Felicia M Ferreri*; Paolo Ferreri
Glaucoma denotes a broad and heterogeneous range of ocular diseases, all of them sharing a damage to the optic nerve which, on the long run, is able to cause irreversible visual field loss and vision impairment. According to a popular and authoritative study conducted in 2006 by Quigley and Braman [1], glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide: the aforementioned study reports that the estimated number of persons affected by glaucoma is around 60 million in 2010 and such a number is expected to increase to 79.6 million by 2020. The same study estimated that bilateral blindness due to glaucoma is likely to occur in around 4 million people, rising to more than 5 million people in 2020...
Up-To Date of the Pharmacological Therapies for Glaucoma
Author(s): Silvia Sgambellone; Mariaconcetta Durante; Emanuela Masini; Laura Lucarini*
Glaucoma, a multifactorial degenerative disorder, affects more than 60 million people worldwide. The treatment of this disease relies on the use of drugs able to reduce/control intraocular pressure (IOP), one of the main risk factors for glaucoma.Current pharmacological therapies are based on the use of drugs belonging to well known categories such as adrenergic agonists and antagonists, cholinergic agonists, prostaglandin analogs, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) and Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors, alone or in fixed combinations.
